Adult. CV pharmacology exam

A 57-year-old female patient, recently diagnosed with a pulmonary embolism, has been started on warfarin therapy. She discusses her lifestyle habits and daily routine with the nurse before discharge. Which of the following statements by the patient requires intervention? Select all that apply

A 59-year-old female patient with congestive heart failure and diabetes type 2 (CHF) has been stabilized on diuretics and an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. Recently, carvedilol has been added to her medication regimen. The nurse should prioritize monitoring the patient for two potential effects of the carvedilol.

A 62-year-old male patient contacted the clinic by phone, expressing concern about fatigue since this morning and noticeable palpitations. After localizing his medical records which of the following actions should the nurse prioritize at this moment?

A 60-year-old male patient with a history of pulmonary embolism has been initiated on dabigatran therapy.
During his outpatient follow-up, which aspects of dabigatran therapy should the nurse consider and which not?

A 73-year-old male with a history of chronic kidney disease and resistant hypertension is admitted to the intensive care unit.
As the nurse caring for the patient, which of the following actions should be taken? Select all that apply

A 55-year-old female patient with atrial fibrillation has been started on apixaban therapy to reduce the risk of stroke. During a follow-up visit, which of the following statements made by the patient suggests an understanding of the medication? Select all that apply

A 65-year-old female patient recently diagnosed with chronic stable angina is prescribed sublingual nitroglycerin tablets. During a follow-up visit, the nurse discusses the medication's appropriate use.
Which statement by the patient indicates an understanding of the medication's purpose and which does not?

A 56-year-old female patient presents to the clinic with a history of hypertension, currently controlled with medication. During her most recent visit, her lab results were abnormally elevated. Based on her medical history and current lab results, the healthcare provider is considering initiating fenofibrate therapy.

         Parameters to monitor                                        Diagnosis                                                                  Nursing actions

A 57-year-old male patient began treatment for his hypertension and his nurse made the following statement.
Complete the following sentence by using the list of options


Patients taking should be cautious of   and avoid conditions, situations, or medications that could intensify this reaction.

A 65-year-old woman with a history of chronic hypertension has recently been started on clonidine to manage her elevated blood pressure. She presents to her primary care provider complaining of several new symptoms.
Which of the following symptoms or scenarios is most directly associated with the known side effects or warnings of clonidine?

A 78-year-old female patient with a history of heart failure is admitted to the cardiology unit.  As a part of her routine checkup, her current signs, symptoms, and laboratory parameters are being evaluated.

Which of the following findings or properties align with the therapeutic effects of digoxin?

A 63-year-old male patient diagnosed with chronic stable angina has recently been started on ivabradine as an adjunct therapy to his atenolol. During a follow-up visit, he mentions to the nurse a peculiar effect he's been experiencing, saying, "I occasionally see bright flashes of light, even when my eyes are closed."

Which of the following responses by the nurse would be most appropriate?

A 72-year-old male patient has been on furosemide therapy for chronic congestive heart failure. He recently presented to the emergency department with complaints of weakness, dizziness, and occasional palpitations. 
Based on the patient's presentation and medications, which of the following findings or concerns might be consistent with furosemide toxicity?

A client with heart failure is due for the prescribed digoxin, spironolactone, lisinopril, and furosemide. Over the past 3 days, the client has gained 2 pounds and reports worsening shortness of breath. Physical assessment reveals jugular vein distention of 5cm, 2+ pitting edema, and a heart rate of 52 beats per minute.
What is the priority action by the nurse?

A 52-year-old male patient presents to the emergency department with sudden onset shortness of breath, sharp chest pain that worsens with deep breaths, and a cough-producing blood-tinged sputum. He recently underwent a total knee replacement surgery. 

Given the patient's clinical presentation and diagnosis, which of the following treatments might the healthcare team consider? Select all that apply

A 36-year-old female patient has been diagnosed with iron-deficiency anemia and is prescribed intramuscular iron dextran injections. During a return visit for her injection, the nurse prepares to administer the iron product. The patient has a history of allergic reactions to various medications.

Which of the following steps or considerations is appropriate for the nurse to take when administering the intramuscular iron injection? Select all that apply

A 56-year-old male with a history of hypertension is brought to the emergency department by his family after accidentally ingesting a large number of amlodipine tablets.

Considering the patient's presentation, which of the following complications or interventions are relevant in the context of an amlodipine overdose? Select all that apply
 

A 67-year-old female with a history of high cholesterol is seen in the outpatient clinic. She has recently been started on cholestyramine as part of her management plan. She presents complaining of some new gastrointestinal symptoms since starting the medication.
Considering the patient's presentation and her new medication, which of the following three precautions or interventions should the nurse consider related to the use of cholestyramine? 

A 68-year-old female patient with a history of chronic heart failure is admitted to the medical unit with acute pulmonary edema. The health care provider orders intravenous furosemide. The nurse preparing to administer the medication realizes that the prescribed route is for a rapid IV push.
Given the patient's condition and the prescribed route of administration for the furosemide, which of the following is a potential concern or complication? Select all that apply

A 58-year-old male patient with a diagnosis of hypertension is attending a follow-up appointment at the cardiology clinic. He has been on hydrochlorothiazide, a thiazide diuretic, for the past three months. During the assessment, he mentions several new symptoms he has experienced since starting the medication.

Based on the patient's current medication, which of the following are potential side effects associated with thiazide diuretics? Select all that apply

A 68-year-old male patient arrives at the urgent care clinic complaining of blurred vision and pounding headaches. His medical history includes uncontrolled hypertension. Initial vital signs reveal a blood pressure of 272/180. The healthcare provider initiates a labetalol infusion. Fifteen minutes into the infusion, the nurse observes a rapid decline in blood pressure to 105/65.
What are the nurse's two primary interventions?

A 45-year-old female with a history of severe anemia has been prescribed a blood transfusion. One hour into the transfusion, she began to complain of chills, back pain, and dyspnea. The nurse promptly stops the transfusion, suspecting a transfusion reaction.
What is the appropriate next two steps for the nurse to take?

A 58-year-old male with a history of type 2 diabetes and intermittent claudication complains of increasing leg discomfort. 
Which instructions should the nurse provide to the client regarding the medication? Select all that apply

A 68-year-old female patient with a history of congestive heart failure is admitted to the cardiology ward. After reviewing the medical order, a nurse mistakenly administered 250 mg of digoxin IV instead of the intended 0.25 mg. The patient soon exhibits bradycardia and visual disturbances. Other initial interventions, including the administration of atropine, have not corrected the heart rate. The attending nurse immediately informs the charge nurse about the error.
What should be the next step in managing this patient?

A 58-year-old female patient with a history of stable angina has been prescribed isosorbide dinitrate sustained-release capsules. During the clinic visit, the nurse reviews the medication details with the patient.
Which statement by the patient would indicate an understanding of the purpose of this medication?

A 72-year-old male is admitted to the cardiology unit following complaints of chest discomfort. An electrocardiogram reveals abnormal heart rhythms, and the attending physician orders intravenous lidocaine.
As the nurse reviews the patient's history and physical examination findings, which of the following conditions would make the nurse proceed with caution when administering lidocaine?

A 42-year-old male is admitted for short-term intravenous antibiotic therapy. On the second day, the nurse noticed that the peripheral intravenous (IV) line wasn't flushing easily.
To best assess the patency of the IV line, the nurse should look out for which of the following signs and symptoms? Select all that apply

A 55-year-old woman with a history of heart failure is about to be started on lisinopril as part of her management plan. Before administering the first dose, the nurse assesses relevant laboratory results to gauge potential risks and monitor drug effects.
Which of the following two laboratory results should the nurse prioritize?

A 62-year-old male with a history of coronary artery disease has been prescribed ticagrelor after a recent angioplasty. The nurse educates the client regarding the medication.

Which of the following client statements suggests a need for further instruction?