flashcvantianginal

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Flashcard# 1 CV. Antianginal drugs

For which cardiac symptom, characterized by chest pain or discomfort, are antianginal drugs primarily prescribed?

Angina pectoris.

Flashcard# 2 CV. Antianginal drugs

Which antianginal drug is frequently used for the immediate relief of acute angina attacks?

Sublingual Nitroglycerin

Flashcard# 3 CV. Antianginal drugs

In which situation is ranolazine typically considered for use in angina treatment?

For chronic stable angina that is not adequately managed by other antianginal medications.

Flashcard# 4 CV. Antianginal drugs

For which specific patient population is ivabradine primarily indicated?

Patients with chronic stable angina who have a contraindication to or cannot tolerate beta-blockers.

Flashcard# 5 CV. Antianginal drugs

What is a common side effect experienced by many patients when initially taking nitroglycerin?

Headache.

Flashcard# 6 CV. Antianginal drugs

Which antianginal medication may cause visual disturbances, including luminous phenomena?

Ivabradine.

Flashcard# 7 CV. Antianginal drugs

What common gastrointestinal side effect can be seen with ranolazine?

Constipation.

Flashcard# 8 CV. Antianginal drugs

Why should patients be advised against consuming alcohol while taking ranolazine?

Alcohol can potentiate the blood pressure-lowering effects of ranolazine and increase the risk of hypotension.

Flashcard# 9 CV. Antianginal drugs

Which group of medications, when combined with nitroglycerin, can cause a severe drop in blood pressure and is therefore contraindicated?

Phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors, like sildenafil (Viagra).

10.

Flashcard#10 CV. Antianginal drugs

What adjustment may be necessary if a patient taking ivabradine has a resting heart rate below 50 beats per minute?

The dose may need to be reduced, or the drug discontinued.

11.

Flashcard#11 CV. Antianginal drugs

Before starting a patient on ranolazine, which cardiac arrhythmia should be screened for?

QT prolongation.

12.

Flashcard#12 CV. Antianginal drugs

If a patient complains of a headache after taking nitroglycerin, what initial non-pharmacological recommendation should the nurse make?

Advise the patient to rest in a dark, quiet room.

13.

Flashcard#13 CV. Antianginal drugs

Before administering ivabradine, which vital sign should the nurse check?

Heart rate.

14.

Flashcard# 14 CV. Antianginal drugs

How should a nurse instruct a patient to use sublingual nitroglycerin during an acute angina episode?

Place one tablet under the tongue at the onset of symptoms; if no relief in 5 minutes, take another dose and call emergency services. Do not take more than three doses in 15 minutes.

15.

Flashcard#15 CV. Antianginal drugs

Which important dietary interaction should the nurse educate patients about when they are taking ranolazine?

They should avoid consuming grapefruit or grapefruit juice, as it can increase serum concentrations of the drug.

16.

Flashcard#16 CV. Antianginal drugs

If a patient experiences dizziness after taking an antianginal medication, what should the nurse advise?

Advise the patient to sit or lie down until the symptom resolves and to rise slowly from a sitting or lying position.

17.

Flashcard#17 CV. Antianginal drugs

Which critical storage instruction should a nurse provide to patients prescribed sublingual nitroglycerin tablets?

Store in the original dark container, tightly closed, away from heat and moisture, and replace every 6 months after opening.

18.

Flashcard#18 CV. Antianginal drugs

In educating a patient about the use of a nitroglycerin patch, what instruction should the nurse give about its application?

Apply to a hairless area of the skin, rotate application sites, and remove the old patch before applying a new one.

19.

Flashcard#19 CV. Antianginal drugs

When a patient is being started on ivabradine, which regular ophthalmic examination should the nurse recommend due to its potential visual side effects?

Regular eye exams to monitor for any vision changes or disturbances.

20.

Flashcard#20 CV. Antianginal drugs

Why should nitroglycerin be used with caution in patients with anemia?

Anemia can exacerbate the relative hypoxia (oxygen deficit) that nitroglycerin can cause in the myocardium, potentially worsening the angina.

21.

Flashcard#21 CV. Antianginal drugs

Why should nitroglycerin be avoided or used with extreme caution in patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM)?

Nitroglycerin can decrease preload, which might increase the obstruction in HOCM, leading to decreased cardiac output and potential exacerbation of symptoms.

22.

Flashcard#22 CV. Antianginal drugs

Why is it crucial for patients to notify their healthcare provider if they suffer from severe or frequent migraines before starting nitroglycerin?

Nitroglycerin can trigger or worsen migraine headaches due to its vasodilating properties. Proper management or alternative medications might be necessary for these patients.

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