Flash Endo. Oral hypoglycemic

Oral hypoglycemic drugs are primarily indicated for type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Yes, many oral hypoglycemic agents can be used in combination with other antidiabetic medications to optimize glycemic control.

Diarrhea is a common gastrointestinal side effect of metformin.

Sulfonylureas, such as glipizide and glyburide, can cause weight gain.

Alcohol can intensify the blood sugar-lowering effect of sulfonylureas, leading to hypoglycemia.

Metformin.

Most sulfonylureas are not recommended during pregnancy due to potential risks to the fetus.

Metformin is categorized as a class B drug for pregnancy, suggesting no demonstrated risk to the fetus in animal studies, but there are no well-controlled studies in pregnant women. It may be used if benefits outweigh risks.

Glipizide should be taken about 30 minutes before a meal.

Most oral hypoglycemic drugs should be stored at room temperature away from moisture and direct light.

The primary concern is the risk of hypoglycemia.

Kidney function tests (like serum creatinine) should be monitored, given the risk of lactic acidosis.

Patients should ingest glucose (dextrose), not sucrose, as acarbose inhibits sucrose digestion.

Inform them about the potential risk of fluid retention and the signs of heart failure.

The nurse should assess for any history of urinary tract infections as SGLT2 inhibitors can increase their risk.

To indicate they have diabetes and are at risk for hypoglycemia.

Increased risk of sunburn due to photosensitivity.

They should be taken with the first bite of each main meal.

Because DPP-4 inhibitors have been associated with a risk of severe joint pain.

Avoid excessive alcohol consumption to reduce the risk of lactic acidosis.